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Open Cluster
Messier 34


Object : M 34
Coordinates/Direction : RA: 02h42m, DEC: +42o46'
Object size : 35'
Object magnitude : 5.5
More to know : Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Messier 34

2024-09-19 + 2024-09-29

M34 Open cluster, Nikon D800, Pentax FA 645 300 mm ED f/4, 2024 (click on the image to get a full resolution photo in a new window)
Date : 2024-09-19 + 2024-09-30
Time (UT) : -
Mount : SkyWatcher EQ6 Pro, beltdrive modified (DIY 2019)
Guide : ASI120 camera with off-axis
Lens/telescope : Pentax 645 FA 300 mm ED f/4 (medium format lens)
Corrector/Barlow : -
Field (FOV) : 6.8x4.5o (full frame) before crop
camera : Nikon D800, QE=0.56, full frame, 36 Mpixel, 14 bit
camera temperature: - , no temperature sensor
Film/CCD : Raw, NEF
Filter : none
Control system: Mount, camera, focus, guide (Ekos) controlled by KStars/Ekos Linux, 64-bit
Exp. time : 120x60 seconds, iso400, dithering mode
Image process tool : Siril, Gimp, Irfanview
Processing :  flat, photometric color calibration
Weather : Clear sky, temperature +7o C
Site : Sweden, Stockholm, Hagsätra. Bortle 9
Free view Az: 20o to 90o, 165o to 185o, Alt: 20o to 55o
Comment : The open cluster M34 photographed with the new equipment. The 36 Mpixel Nikon D800 and the Pentax 645 FA 300 mm f/4 ED. Higher resolution, not only because of the new camera's more pixels, better auto guiding and better auto focus. Compare with the image below which is taken with the Canon 6D camera and the older version of this lens. Stars that are separated by 10" are easily seen as double stars, at the Canon image not. I haven't installed the tilt corrector yet, you can see that at the left and right edges, non focused stars and elongated.

2023-10-05 + 2023-09-24

M34 Pentax 645 300 mm ED f/4, 2023 (click on the image to get a full resolution photo in a new window)
Date : 2023-09-24 + 2023-10-05
Time (UT) : -
Mount : SkyWatcher HEQ5, belt modified, low rider
Guide : QHY5 camera with 200 mm f/3.5 lens
Lens/telescope : Pentax 645 300 mm ED f/4 (medium format lens)
Corrector/Barlow : -
Field (FOV) : 6.8x4.5o (full frame) before crop
camera : Canon 6D, QE=0.5, full frame, 20 Mpixel, 14 bit
camera temperature: About 6o C above surrounding temperature
Film/CCD : Raw, Cr2
Filter : none
Control system: Mount, camera, focus, guide (Ekos) controlled by Astroberry (KStars/Ekos Linux)
Exp. time : 114x60 seconds, iso1600, dithering mode
Image process tool : Siril, Gimp, Irfanview
Processing : crop, cal bias, flat, photometric color calibration
Weather : Clear sky
Site : Sweden, Stockholm, Hagsätra. Bortle 9
Free view Az: 20o to 90o, 165o to 185o, Alt: 20o to 55o
Comment : Added more images from an earlier photo session, increased the exposure from 1 hour to two hours.

2023-10-05 + 2023-09-24

M34 1 hour and 2 hour side by side
Date : 2023-09-24 + 2923-10-05
Exp. time : 114x60 seconds, iso1600
Comment : Added more images from an earlier photo session, increased the exposure from 1 hour to two hours. The left has less noise, but only twice the exposure time doesn't help much. If possible better to aim for 4 hours exposure with this system f/4 and a DSLR camera. But if will always be that you want lower noise and need even longer exposure. Darker place, filters, lower noise camera will of course help a lot.

2023-10-05

M34 Pentax 645 300 mm ED f/4, 2023 (click on the image to get a full resolution photo in a new window)
Date : 2023-10-05
Time (UT) : 19:42 to 20:57
Mount : SkyWatcher HEQ5, belt modified, low rider
Guide : QHY5 camera with 200 mm f/3.5 lens
Lens/telescope : Pentax 645 300 mm ED f/4 (medium format lens)
Corrector/Barlow : -
Field (FOV) : 6.8x4.5o (full frame) before crop
camera : Canon 6D, QE=0.5, full frame, 20 Mpixel, 14 bit
camera temperature: About 6o C above surrounding temperature
Film/CCD : Raw, Cr2
Filter : none
Control system: Mount, camera, focus, guide (Ekos) controlled by Astroberry (KStars/Ekos Linux)
Exp. time : 60x60 seconds, iso1600, dithering mode
Image process tool : Siril, Gimp, Irfanview
Processing : crop, cal bias, flat, photometric color calibration
Weather : Clear sky
Site : Sweden, Stockholm, Hagsätra, Bortle class 9
Comment : Open star cluster are easy to take photos of even from high light polluted areas. This is a classic object, discovered already 1654 by Giovanni Batista Hodierna. The angle size is 0.5 degree, about as the Moon. The true diameter is 7 ly and his has about 400 members (stars). It's not very far away, 1500 ly. Open the full resolution image and discover a lot of other objects lurking there in the dark. Here is a plate solved version by astrometry.net: M34 plate solved. Opens in a new window.
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